Top & pass names |
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Home > Climbs > Top names |
Last update: 07-Mar-2004 |
In most languages of Europe there exists more words for passes, mountains, tops and ridges. In Holland we have only a few words in this area but our highest 'mountain' is just 321m (Vaalserberg in province Limburg). Especially in France there exists many words for passes (fr:cols), if you also count the words in different dialects and old-french languages. Here is a overview of frequently used words related to mountains in 5 main languages and some smaller languages.
Links
Club
des 100 cols (see Toponymie) - some pages about the etymology (study of
origin and history of words) and toponymy (naming) of french words for passes.
Passacol - A similar
dictionary with other languages
Bahn+Bus -
Passes in Switserland in the 4 official Swiss languages
If you know other words or can solve the question marks (?) in
the blue cells please contact me.
I also like to know the if the next words have a special meaning:
French: Truc, Suc
German: Bichl, Bü(h)el, Eck, Egg, Gscheid
Italian: Arcu (Sardinia), Genna (Sardinia), Goletto
| French (Francais) | German (Deutsch) | Italian (Italian) | Spanish (Espanol) | Portuguese (Português) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <Romans(c)h (Rumantsch)> | <Ladin> | <Catalan,Basque> | |||
| sm. = small, reg. = regional | |||||
Pass |
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| Most common | Col, Collet (sm.) | Pass | Passo, Colle, Colla | Collado, Collada | |
| Pass, Cuolmen <Rom.> | Coll <Cat.>, Mendetea, Lepoa <Bas.> | ||||
| Gate | Port, Porteille [Pyr.] | Tor,Törl (sm.) | Puerto, Portillo, Portella | Portela, Paso? | |
| Port(ell) <Cat.> | |||||
| Height of top | Côte | Höhe | Valico, Culmine | Alto, Alta | Alto, Alta, Altura |
| Alt <Cat.>, Gain(a) <Bas.> | |||||
| Special shape | Baisse [subsidence,sag] | Sattel [saddle] | Sela <Lad.>, Sella [saddle] | ||
| Hourquette (~fourche,Pyr.) [fork] | Joch, Jöchl (sm) [yoke] | Ju, Jëuf <Lad.>, Giogo [yoke] | |||
| Brèche [breach] | Scharte [breach,slit] | Forcella, Forca [fork] | |||
| Bocca [Corsica, mouth] | Eck [corner], Gscheid [rupture] | Foce [mouth], Bocchetta [mouthpiece] | Boca [Madeira, mouth/entrance] | ||
| Special/Regional | Cormet [Savoie] | Egg [Sw/Au,Eck?] | Genna, Arcu [Sardinia] | Degollada [Canary Islands] | |
| Bü(h)el [Sw,hill], Bichl? | Goletto [1x,shape?] | ||||
(Mountain) top |
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| Mountain | Mont | Berg | Monte, Montagna | Monte, Montaña | Monte, Montanha |
| Mont <Cat.> | |||||
| Mountains, Massif, Range | Montagne, Massif | Gebirge, Gruppe | Monti, Montagna, Gruppo | Montaña, Sierra, Montes | Serra |
| Muntanya, Serra(t) <Cat.>, Mendi, Mendilerroa <Bas.> | |||||
| Chain | Chaine | Kette | Catena | Cordillera | Cadeia |
| Hill, Hillock | Colline | Hügel | Collina, Colle, Poggio, Costa | Collina, Cerro | Colina, Cerro, Outeiro, Morro, Monte, Poio |
| Ridge, Crest | Crete | Kamm | Cresta | Cresta, Serrania, Loma, Cuerda [rope] | Serrania, Cumeada |
| Spine (ridge) | Grat | Espinazo, Lomo | Espinhaço, Lombo | ||
| Top, Summit | Sommet, Cime | Gipfel | Cima, Vetta | Cima, Cumbre, Cumbrecita | Cume, Cimo, Cumeeira, Topo |
| Mendigarai, Mendikasko <Bas.> | |||||
| Cim <Cat.> | |||||
| Peak | Pic, Signal, Point | Spitze | Picco, Pizzo, Punta | Pico, Picón, Punta | Pico, Ponta |
| Piz [Rom.] | Piz(a), Spiz <Lad.> | Puig <Cat.> | |||
| Volcano, Volcanic top | Volcan, Puy [cone,Auvergne] | Vulkan | Vulcano | Volcán, Caldera [rim] | Vulcão, Caldeira [rim] |
| Rock (mass), Crag | Roche(r), Roc | Stein, Stock, Fels(en) | Roccia, Rocche,Sass(o), Masso | Peña, Roca, Roque | Penha, Rocha, Rochedo, Fraga, Penedo |
| Sas <Lad.> | Roc <Cat.> | ||||
| Shape Head | Tête | Kopf | Testa | Cabeza, Cap? <Cat.> | Cabeço/-a |
| Shape Ball, Bullit | Ballon [Vosges] | Kog(e)l | Palla | ||
| Other shape | Dent [tooth] | Wand, Kof(e)l [wall] | Croda [wall] | Cordal [finger], Mojón [heap] | Cântaro [vase] |
| Aiguille [needle] | Horn [horn] | Corno [horn] | Turó [tower] <Cat.> | Torre [tower,1x] | |
| Cueto/-u?, Braña? | |||||
| Special/Regional | Crêt [Jura] | Lizum [Austria], Egg | Bruncu [Sardinia] | ||
| Suc [Massif C.], Truc? | Dos(so) [Dolomites] | ||||
| Toppa/-o, Timpa/Tempa, Cimone [around Napoli] | |||||
Routes |
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| Valley | Vallée, Vallon, Val, Combe (dry) | Tal(strasse) | Valle, Val, Vallone | Valle, Cuenca, Hoya, Vall <Cat.> | Vale, Covão (dry?) |
| Gorge | Gorges | Schlucht, Klamm | Gola, Garganta | Garganta, Barranco, Congosto? | Garganta |
| Torrente | Torrent [Mallorca] | ||||
| High route | Corniche, Balcons | Höheweg, -strasse | |||
| Wall (steep short climb) | Mur | Mauer | Muro | Cerca, Muro | Muro |
| Slope, Hill, Ramp | Côte, Rampe | Steilhang, Lehne, Neigung | Salita, Erta | Cuesta, Rampa | Encosta, Rampa |
Other |
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| Plain, Plateau | Plateau, Plan, Pla, Plagne | Platte, ((Hoch)ebene) | (Alto)piano, Piàn, Pianura | Llanura, Llanada, Llano, Plan | Planalto, Planura, Chã(o), Achada [sm.,Madeira] |
| Causse [lime,Massif central] | Meseta, Pla <Cat.> | ||||
| Meadow, Pasture | Pré, Pâturage, Pra? | Wiese | Prato, Praz? | Pradeño, Prado, Pradera | Prado |
| Meadow in the Alps | Alpe | Alp(e), Alm | Alpe | ||
| Mont, Munt <Lad.> | |||||
| Field | Champ | Feld | Campo | Campo | Campo |
| Viewpoint | Belvédère, Point de Vue, Balcons [balcony] | Aussichtspunkt | Punto di vista | Mirador | Miradouro, Balcões [balcony] |
| Glacier | Glacier | Gletscher, Ferner | Ghiacciaio | Glaciar, Helero | Glaciar |
| Lake | Lac | See, Lai [Romansch] | Lago | Lago, Laguna (sm), Llac <Cat.> | Lago, Laca |
| Reservoir (Lake) | Lac artificiel | Stausee | Lago Artificiale | Embalse, Urtegia <Bas.> | Barragem |
| Barrage, Dam (Lake,River) | Barage | Staudamm, -mauer | Diga (di sbarramento) | Presa, Pressa <Cat.> | Barragem |
| Source, Well (Water) | Source | Quelle, Brunnen | Sorgente, Pozzo | Fuente, Pozo | Fonte, Bica (sm), Poço |
| Refuge, Hut, Shed | Refuge, Chalet, Cabane, Baraque | Hütte | Rifugio, Capanne, Baita, Malga | Refugio, Cabaña, Choza | Refúgio, Chalé |
| Utia, Ütia <Lad.> | Refugi <Cat.> | ||||
| Special | Cirque [cirque] | ||||